關(guān)鍵詞25：核應急“一案三制”建設(shè)

中國高度重視核應急的預案和法制、體制、機制（簡 稱“一案三制”）建設(shè)，通過法律制度保障、體制機制保障， 建立健全國家核應急組織管理體系。

加強全國核應急預案體系建設(shè)。國家制定《國家核應 急預案》，按照該預案要求，各級政府部門和核設(shè)施營運 單位制定各自的核應急預案，形成相互配套銜接的全國核 應急預案體系。

加強核應急法制建設(shè)。中國基本形成集國家法律、行 政法規(guī)、部門規(guī)章、國家和行業(yè)標準、管理導則于一體的 核應急法律法規(guī)標準體系。

加強核應急管理體制建設(shè)。中國核應急實行國家統(tǒng)一 領(lǐng)導、綜合協(xié)調(diào)、分級負責、屬地管理為主的管理體制。

加強核應急機制建設(shè)。中國實行由一個部門牽頭、多 個部門參與的核應急組織協(xié)調(diào)機制。國家和各相關(guān)?。▍^(qū)、 市）以及核設(shè)施營運單位建立專家委員會或支撐機構(gòu)，為 核應急準備與響應提供決策咨詢和建議。

Keyword 25：Planning for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and Response in Tandem with Enhanced Legislative/ Institutional/Regulatory Mechanisms

China attaches great importance to planning for nuclear emergency preparedness and response in tandem with enhanced legislative/institutional/regulatory mechanisms, which ensure and help improve the functioning of a national nuclear emergency management system.

To strengthen national nuclear emergency planning, China has enacted the National Nuclear Emergency Response Plan, which requires governments at all levels and nuclear facility operators to develop their own nuclear emergency plans as part of nationwide nuclear emergency planning.

It is also important to strengthen China’s nuclear emergency legal framework, comprising state laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules, national and industrial standards, and management guidelines.

Efforts have been ongoing to improve China’s nuclear emergency management system, which is under centralized direction at the national level, and facilitates coordination, with clear lines of responsibility and adequate local involvement.

To strengthen nuclear emergency response coordination, a special coordination mechanism has been established, consisting of a lead agency and multiple other agencies. There are also committees of experts or support groups at the national and provincial (regional and municipal) levels and within nuclear facility operating organizations, providing advice on nuclear emergency preparedness and response.